Web/app.c

#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include "app.h"
#include "reactor/pool.h"
#include "reactor/epoll.h"

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sched.h>
#include <signal.h>

#define DEFAULT_MAX_CONNS 10000
#define DEFAULT_MAX_EVENTS 4096

// Global app instance for simplified macro API
app_t *_global_app = NULL;

// Global route list for inline route definitions (type defined in app_macros.h)
void *_route_list = NULL;

// Default 404 handler
static void default_not_found(context_t *ctx) {
	// send_text(ctx, 404, "404 Not Found");
}

// Accept handler for new connections
static void accept_handler(runtime_t *rt, int fd, uint32_t events, void *data) {
	app_t *a = (app_t*)data;

	// Accept multiple connections in a loop for edge-triggered mode
	// Limit to prevent starvation of other events
	int accepted = 0;
	const int max_accept = 64;
	
	while (accepted < max_accept) {
		int ret = conn_accept(a->pool, fd);
		if (ret < 0) break;
		accepted++;
	}
}

// Global app pointer (temporary solution)
static app_t *g_app = NULL;

// Wrapper to convert between handler types
static void handler_wrapper(conn_t *c) {
	app_handler_t app_handler = (app_handler_t)c->user_data;
	if (app_handler) {
		context_t *ctx = context_new(c);
		if (ctx) {
			app_handler(ctx);
			context_free(ctx);
		}
	}
}

// Request router
static void route_request(conn_t *c) {
	app_t *a = g_app;  // Use global for now
	if (!a || !a->router) return;
	
	// Use the router to find handler
	char **params = NULL;
	char **names = NULL;
	int count = 0;
	handler_t handler = router_lookup(a->router, c->method, c->path, &params, &names, &count);
	
	if (handler) {
		// The handler is actually an app_handler_t cast to handler_t
		// Create context and call it
		context_t *ctx = context_new(c);
		if (ctx) {
			// Set route parameters on the request
			if (count > 0 && params && names) {
				request_set_params(ctx->request, names, params, count);
			}
			((app_handler_t)handler)(ctx);
			context_free(ctx);
		}
	} else {
		// Create a context and call not_found
		context_t *ctx = context_new(c);
		if (ctx) {
			a->not_found(ctx);
			context_free(ctx);
		}
	}
}

// app_new creates a new web application.
app_t* app_new(void) {
	app_t *a = calloc(1, sizeof(app_t));
	if (!a) return NULL;

	// Default configuration
	a->max_conns = DEFAULT_MAX_CONNS;
	a->read_buf_size = 8192;
	a->write_buf_size = 8192;
	a->arena_size = 4096;
	a->not_found = default_not_found;
	
	// Default to single process mode
	a->num_workers = 0;
	a->cpu_affinity = 1;
	a->worker_pids = NULL;
	a->worker_id = -1;
	
	// Create router
	a->router = router_new();
	if (!a->router) {
		free(a);
		return NULL;
	}
	
	// Store global reference (temporary solution)
	g_app = a;

	return a;
}

// app_free destroys the application.
void app_free(app_t *a) {
	if (!a) return;

	// Free router
	if (a->router) {
		router_free(a->router);
	}

	// Close listener
	if (a->listen_fd > 0) {
		runtime_del(a->rt, a->listen_fd);
		close(a->listen_fd);
	}

	// Free pool and runtime
	pool_free(a->pool);
	runtime_free(a->rt);
	free(a);
}

// app_listen sets up the listening socket.
int app_listen(app_t *a, int port) {
	// Don't create runtime/pool yet if using workers
	// They need to be created after fork() for proper isolation
	if (a->num_workers == 0) {
		// Single process mode - create runtime and pool now
		if (!a->rt) {
			a->rt = runtime_new(DEFAULT_MAX_EVENTS);
			if (!a->rt) return -1;
		}

		if (!a->pool) {
			a->pool = pool_new(a->rt, a->max_conns);
			if (!a->pool) return -1;

			// Configure pool
			a->pool->read_buf_size = a->read_buf_size;
			a->pool->write_buf_size = a->write_buf_size;
			a->pool->arena_size = a->arena_size;

			// Set router as request handler
			a->pool->on_request = route_request;
		}
	}

	// Create socket
	int fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if (fd < 0) return -1;

	// Allow reuse
	int opt = 1;
	setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt));
	
	// Enable SO_REUSEPORT for better load distribution across CPU cores
	setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEPORT, &opt, sizeof(opt));
	
	// Disable Nagle's algorithm on listener
	setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, &opt, sizeof(opt));

	// Bind
	struct sockaddr_in addr = {
		.sin_family = AF_INET,
		.sin_port = htons(port),
		.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY
	};

	if (bind(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0) {
		close(fd);
		return -1;
	}

	// Listen with larger backlog for better performance
	if (listen(fd, 4096) < 0) {
		close(fd);
		return -1;
	}

	// Make non-blocking
	set_nonblocking(fd);

	// Add to epoll only if single process mode
	if (a->num_workers == 0 && a->rt) {
		runtime_add(a->rt, fd, EPOLLIN | EPOLLET, accept_handler, a);
	}

	a->listen_fd = fd;
	a->port = port;

	if (a->num_workers == 0) {
		printf("Server listening on :%d\n", port);
	}
	return 0;
}

// run_worker runs a single worker process
static int run_worker(app_t *a, int worker_id) {
	a->worker_id = worker_id;
	
	// Pin to CPU if requested
	if (a->cpu_affinity) {
		cpu_set_t cpuset;
		CPU_ZERO(&cpuset);
		CPU_SET(worker_id % sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN), &cpuset);
		sched_setaffinity(0, sizeof(cpuset), &cpuset);
	}
	
	// Create runtime and pool for this worker
	a->rt = runtime_new(DEFAULT_MAX_EVENTS);
	if (!a->rt) return -1;
	
	a->pool = pool_new(a->rt, a->max_conns);
	if (!a->pool) return -1;
	
	// Configure pool
	a->pool->read_buf_size = a->read_buf_size;
	a->pool->write_buf_size = a->write_buf_size;
	a->pool->arena_size = a->arena_size;
	a->pool->on_request = route_request;
	
	// Add listen socket to this worker's epoll
	runtime_add(a->rt, a->listen_fd, EPOLLIN | EPOLLET, accept_handler, a);
	
	printf("Worker %d: Started on CPU %ld, listening on :%d\n", worker_id, 
	       worker_id % sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN), a->port);
	
	return runtime_run(a->rt);
}

// app_run starts the event loop.
int app_run(app_t *a) {
	if (a->listen_fd <= 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Error: Must call app_listen() before app_run()\n");
		return -1;
	}

	// Multi-worker mode
	if (a->num_workers > 0) {
		a->worker_pids = calloc(a->num_workers, sizeof(pid_t));
		if (!a->worker_pids) return -1;
		
		printf("Starting %d worker processes\n", a->num_workers);
		
		for (int i = 0; i < a->num_workers; i++) {
			pid_t pid = fork();
			
			if (pid == 0) {
				// Child process
				free(a->worker_pids); // Don't need this in child
				a->worker_pids = NULL;
				return run_worker(a, i);
			} else if (pid > 0) {
				// Parent process
				a->worker_pids[i] = pid;
			} else {
				perror("fork");
				// Kill already started workers
				for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
					if (a->worker_pids[j] > 0) {
						kill(a->worker_pids[j], SIGTERM);
					}
				}
				free(a->worker_pids);
				return -1;
			}
		}
		
		// Parent process - wait for workers
		printf("All workers started. Running...\n");
		
		// Wait for any child to exit
		int status;
		pid_t pid;
		while ((pid = wait(&status)) > 0) {
			printf("Worker process %d exited with status %d\n", pid, WEXITSTATUS(status));
			
			// Find and restart the worker
			for (int i = 0; i < a->num_workers; i++) {
				if (a->worker_pids[i] == pid) {
					printf("Restarting worker %d\n", i);
					pid_t new_pid = fork();
					if (new_pid == 0) {
						// New worker process
						free(a->worker_pids);
						a->worker_pids = NULL;
						return run_worker(a, i);
					} else if (new_pid > 0) {
						a->worker_pids[i] = new_pid;
					}
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		
		free(a->worker_pids);
		return 0;
	}
	
	// Single process mode
	printf("Running in single-process mode\n");
	a->pool->on_request = route_request;
	return runtime_run(a->rt);
}

// app_route registers a route.
void app_route(app_t *a, const char *method, const char *path, app_handler_t handler) {
	if (!a || !a->router) return;
	
	// For now, we need to bridge between app_handler_t and handler_t
	// The router expects handler_t (conn_t*) but we have app_handler_t (context_t*)
	// We'll need to wrap it somehow - for now just cast (not ideal)
	router_add(a->router, method, path, (handler_t)handler);
}

// Convenience route methods
void app_get(app_t *a, const char *path, app_handler_t handler) {
	app_route(a, "GET", path, handler);
}

void app_post(app_t *a, const char *path, app_handler_t handler) {
	app_route(a, "POST", path, handler);
}

void app_put(app_t *a, const char *path, app_handler_t handler) {
	app_route(a, "PUT", path, handler);
}

void app_delete(app_t *a, const char *path, app_handler_t handler) {
	app_route(a, "DELETE", path, handler);
}

// Configuration setters
void app_set_max_conns(app_t *a, int max) {
	a->max_conns = max;
}

void app_set_buffer_sizes(app_t *a, size_t read_size, size_t write_size) {
	a->read_buf_size = read_size;
	a->write_buf_size = write_size;
}

void app_set_arena_size(app_t *a, size_t size) {
	a->arena_size = size;
}

void app_set_not_found(app_t *a, app_handler_t handler) {
	a->not_found = handler;
}

// Worker configuration
void app_set_workers(app_t *a, int num_workers) {
	a->num_workers = num_workers;
}

void app_set_cpu_affinity(app_t *a, int enabled) {
	a->cpu_affinity = enabled;
}

// Helper response functions
static void send_text(conn_t *c, int status, const char *text) {
	conn_write_status(c, status);
	conn_write_header(c, "Content-Type", "text/plain");
	conn_write_body(c, text, strlen(text));
}

void send_json(conn_t *c, int status, const char *json) {
	conn_write_status(c, status);
	conn_write_header(c, "Content-Type", "application/json");
	conn_write_body(c, json, strlen(json));
}

void send_html(conn_t *c, int status, const char *html) {
	conn_write_status(c, status);
	conn_write_header(c, "Content-Type", "text/html");
	conn_write_body(c, html, strlen(html));
}

void send_file(conn_t *c, const char *path) {
	// Simple file serving (no caching, no range support)
	FILE *f = fopen(path, "rb");
	if (!f) {
		send_text(c, 404, "File not found");
		return;
	}

	// Get file size
	fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
	size_t size = ftell(f);
	fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET);

	// Determine content type from extension
	const char *content_type = "application/octet-stream";
	const char *ext = strrchr(path, '.');
	if (ext) {
		if (strcmp(ext, ".html") == 0) content_type = "text/html";
		else if (strcmp(ext, ".css") == 0) content_type = "text/css";
		else if (strcmp(ext, ".js") == 0) content_type = "application/javascript";
		else if (strcmp(ext, ".json") == 0) content_type = "application/json";
		else if (strcmp(ext, ".png") == 0) content_type = "image/png";
		else if (strcmp(ext, ".jpg") == 0 || strcmp(ext, ".jpeg") == 0) content_type = "image/jpeg";
		else if (strcmp(ext, ".gif") == 0) content_type = "image/gif";
		else if (strcmp(ext, ".svg") == 0) content_type = "image/svg+xml";
	}

	// Send headers
	conn_write_status(c, 200);
	conn_write_header(c, "Content-Type", content_type);

	// For small files, read and send directly
	if (size < c->wsize - c->wlen - 100) {
		char *buf = malloc(size);
		if (buf) {
			fread(buf, 1, size, f);
			conn_write_body(c, buf, size);
			free(buf);
		}
	} else {
		// File too large for buffer
		conn_write_status(c, 500);
		conn_end_response(c);
	}

	fclose(f);
}